Poster
Dohee Ko
Korea University
Seoul, Seoul-t'ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea
Huiwon Lee
Korea University
Seoul, Seoul-t'ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea
Harin Kim
University of Tübingen
Tübingen, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
Jumi Kim
Korea University
Seoul, Seoul-t'ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea
Eui-Hwan Chung
Korea University
Seoul, Seoul-t'ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea
RPM1-interacting protein 4 (RIN4) plays a crucial role in two-tiered plant innate immunity, mediating both pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Pseudomonas syringae type III effectors, secreted via the type III secretion system (T3SS), target and modify RIN4, thereby inducing effector-triggered susceptibility (ETS). The modification of RIN4 triggers ETI, recognized by plant nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. RIN4 harbors two functionally conserved nitrate-induced (NOI) domains, and the Arabidopsis Col-0 genome encodes 14 additional genes containing NOI domains, considered as RIN4 paralogs. Among these 14 paralogs, several interact with three structurally distinct type III effectors—AvrB, AvrRpm1, and AvrRpt2—suggesting that bacterial effectors target additional NOI-containing proteins to subvert PTI and enhance virulence. Collectively, these findings reveal that NOI domain-containing proteins share similarities with RIN4 but play distinct roles.